PCP Use Symptoms

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PCP produces both physiological and psychological symptoms. Effects of the drug are erratic and not always dose-dependent. Physical symptoms include:

  • involuntary rapid movements of the eyes vertically or horizontally
  • high blood pressure
  • racing heartbeat
  • dizziness and shakiness
  • drooling
  • increased body temperature
  • reduced response to pain
  • slurred speech
  • excessive sensitivity to sound
  • lack of muscle coordination
  • muscle rigidity or frozen posture
  • seizures
  • breakdown of muscle and excretion of muscle proteins in urine
  • coma
  • death

Psychiatric and social symptoms include:

  • disordered thinking and confusion
  • impaired judgment
  • belligerence
  • aggressiveness
  • agitation
  • impulsiveness and unpredictability
  • schizophrenic-like psychoses
  • hallucinations of sight, sound, or touch
  • memory impairment
  • difficulty in social-emotional relationships
  • chaotic lifestyle including difficulty functioning at work or school, legal and financial problems

PCP is known for its variability of symptoms, which change both from person to person and from exposure to exposure. In addition, symptoms come and go throughout a period of intoxication that can last from one to two hours for low dose exposure to one to four days for high dose exposure. Severity of symptoms is not always related to the size of the dose as measured by blood levels of the drug.

Three rough phases of intoxication have been established: behavioural toxicity, stuperous stage, and comatose stage. Many patients fluctuate between phases, and some present symptoms that do not fit neatly into any phase. In the behavioural toxicity stage, people tend to gaze blankly while their eyes dart horizontally or vertically. Muscle control is poor, and the person may make repetitive movements, grind the teeth, or grimace. Body temperature, heart rate, and respiration are mildly elevated. Vomiting and drooling may occur.

In the stuperous phase the eyes are wide open, and the person appears wide awake, but in a stupor. Seizures may occur if the person is stimulated. The eyes may dart in any direction while the gaze remains fixed. Body temperature is increased substantially. Heart and respiration rate are increased by about 25%. Muscles are rigid with twitching.

In the comatose stage, which may last from one to four days, the person is in a deep coma. The pupils are dilated and the eyes drift. Body temperature is elevated to the point of being life-threatening. The heart rate is dangerously high, increasing to about twice the normal level and blood pressure is dangerously low. Breathing may stop for brief periods (apnea). There is no response to pain, and the person sweats heavily. Death is possible, although most deaths with PCP occur in earlier stages through accidents or suicide.


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